Federalist 54
Federalist 54 1
James Madison
Madison here gives voice to the understanding of the South regarding the three-fifths clause of the Constitution, which required that three-fifths of the slaves in each state be counted for purposes of representation. This clause had a strange history. Most Southerners argued that slaves should be counted as full persons for voting purposes, while Northerners opposed to slavery advocated that they not be counted at all. Here Madison's "Southerner" presents the compromise position with approval, but in the process admits much of its moral illogic.
February 12, 1788
The Apportionment of Members Among the States
..."We subscribe to the doctrine," might one of our Southern brethren observe, "that ...